📝 Grammar Point: Can / Can’t

Explanation

Can je modálne sloveso, ktoré používame na vyjadrenie schopnosti, možnosti alebo zákazu.
1. Schopnosť: I can swim. – Viem plávať. I can’t ski.- Neviem lyžovať.
2. Možnosť/povolenie: You can park here. – Môžeš tu zaparkovať.
3. Zákaz (s can't): You can't smoke here. – Nemôžeš tu fajčiť.

• rovnaký tvar pre všetky osoby (I can, he can, we can – nikdy *cans*).
• za 'can' ide vždy základný tvar slovesa (bez 'to').
• otázka a zápor sa tvoria priamo s 'can' (Can you swim? – I can't swim.).

Pronunciation

• can – /kən/ alebo /kæn/   • can't – BrE: /kɑːnt/, AmE: /kænt/

📊 Tabuľka – Tvorenie viet

Osoba	Tvrdenie	Zápor	Otázka
I	I can swim.	I can’t swim.	Can I swim?
You	You can drive.	You can’t drive.	Can you drive?
He/She	He can cook.	He can’t cook.	Can he cook?
We	We can play.	We can’t play.	Can we play?
They	They can sing.	They can’t sing.	Can they sing?

 Cvičenia

1. Doplň can / can't
a) I ___ play football, but I ___ play basketball.
b) She ___ cook very well.
c) They ___ come to the party, they’re busy.
d) ___ you speak English?

2. Prelož do angličtiny
a) Viem plávať.
b) Nemôžeme prísť zajtra.
c) Môžeš mi pomôcť?
d) On nevie spievať.

🏃 Abilities & Hobbies: play football, play the piano, ride a bike, swim, ski, dance, sing, draw, take photos,skate

🏠 Home & Daily life: cook, wash the dishes, clean the room, use a computer, write an email, play loud music, have a dog,

🌍 Places & Activities: go to the cinema, go hiking, go swimming in a lake, visit castles, walk in the city, travel by plane/train

 

English	IPA (BrE)	Slovak	Example
wash the dishes	/wɒʃ ðə ˈdɪʃɪz/	umývať riad	I can wash the dishes.
use a computer	/juːz ə kəmˈpjuːtə/	používať počítač	She can use a computer.
visit castles	/ˈvɪzɪt ˈkɑːslz/	navštíviť hrady	We can visit castles.
driving licence	/ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˌlaɪsns/	vodičský preukaz	I can't drive without a licence.
rollerblade	/ˈrəʊləbleɪd/	korčuľovať sa (kolieskové)	He can rollerblade in the park.
ice skate	/ˈaɪs skeɪt/	korčuľovať sa na ľade	We can ice skate in winter.
go to the mountains	/ɡəʊ tə ðə ˈmaʊntənz/	ísť do hôr	They can go to the mountains.
spa	/spɑː/	kúpele, wellness	You can relax in a spa.
cross-country skiing	/ˌkrɒs ˈkʌntri ˈskiːɪŋ/	bežkovanie	We can do cross-country skiing.
knit	/nɪt/	pliesť	My grandma can knit.

✅ Riešenia

1. a) can / can’t   b) can   c) can’t   d) Can

2. a) I can swim.   b) We can’t come tomorrow.   c) Can you help me?   d) He can’t sing.

💬 Speaking Questions with Answers

Q: What can you do very well? A: I can play football very well.

Q: What can’t you do, but you would like to learn? A: I can’t play the guitar, but I would like to learn.

Q: What can people do in your town at the weekend? A: People can go to the cinema or play sports in the park.

Q: What can you do at home, and what can’t you do? A: I can cook dinner at home, but I can’t play loud music.

Q: Why can't you drive a car? A: Because I'm too young. / Because I don't have a driving licence.

Q: What can you do in summer in Slovakia? A: We can go swimming in lakes and go hiking in the mountains.

Q: What can you do in winter in Slovakia? A: We can ski and we can drink hot tea at home.

Q: Can you use a computer well? What can you do on it? A: Yes, I can. I can write emails and I can search for information on the internet.

Q: What can tourists do in your country? A: Tourists can visit castles, they can see the mountains and they can eat traditional food.

Q: What can your best friend do very well? A: He can play the piano and he can speak German.

💬 Speaking Questions (copy)

1.      What can you do very well?

2.      What can’t you do, but you would like to learn?

3.      What can people do in your town at the weekend in summer/in winter?

4.      What can you do at home, and what can’t you do?

5.      Can you drive a car? Why can't you drive a car?

6.      What can you do in summer/in winter in Slovakia?

7.      Can you use a computer well? What can you do on it?

8.      What can tourists do in your country?

9.      What can your best friend do very well?