🍂 Autumn Mood

Grammar: Modal Verbs of Deduction (must / might / can’t)

We use modal verbs of deduction to make logical guesses or draw conclusions about things we see, hear, or know.

💬 Grammar Focus

1. Must – We are sure something is true
→ The ground is wet. It must be raining.
→ He’s wearing a jacket. It must be cold outside.

✅ Form:
must + base verb
It must be autumn.

2. Might / May – It’s possible, but we’re not sure
→ Those clouds look dark. It might rain later.
→ She may be tired after the trip.

✅ Form:
might / may + base verb
It might be foggy tomorrow.

3. Can’t – We are sure something is NOT true
→ The trees are green. It can’t be autumn yet.
→ He’s wearing shorts. It can’t be cold.

✅ Form:
can’t + base verb
It can’t be winter; there’s no snow.

⚡ Remember:
• must = I’m sure it’s true
• might / may = maybe
• can’t = I’m sure it’s NOT true

🎯 Grammar Practice (5 minutes)

1. The sun is shining and people are wearing shorts. It ______ (must / might / can’t) be winter.

2. There are pumpkins and colorful leaves everywhere. It ______ (must / might / can’t) be autumn. 

3. She’s wearing a thick scarf and gloves. It ______ (must / might / can’t) be cold outside.

4. The sky looks dark and cloudy. It ______ (must / might / can’t) rain soon. 

5. The ground is covered in snow. It ______ (must / might / can’t) be summer. 

🗂 Vocabulary – Autumn Moods

💬 Conversation – Autumn Talk

1. What’s your favorite warm drink when the weather gets cold?

→ I love drinking hot chocolate with whipped cream. Sometimes I make tea with honey and lemon.

2. What’s the best thing about autumn in Slovakia?

→ The colorful trees! I think Slovak forests look beautiful in October.

3. Do you enjoy windy, rainy days or do you prefer sunshine?

→ I prefer sunny autumn days, but I don’t mind the rain if I can stay at home and watch movies.

4. What’s your favorite autumn food or dessert?

→ I really like pumpkin soup and apple pie. My grandma always bakes something with cinnamon in autumn.

5. Do you like the smell of autumn — leaves, rain, bonfires?

→ Yes, I love it! The air feels fresh, and the smell of burning wood reminds me of my childhood.

6. What kind of clothes do you wear when it’s “sweater weather”?

→ I wear a big cozy sweater, jeans, and warm socks. Sometimes a scarf too.

7. Do you usually go for walks or trips to the forest in autumn?

→ Yes, my family often goes mushroom picking or hiking when the weather is nice.

8. What’s one thing you always do when the weather starts to change?

→ I start drinking more tea and watching more movies at home. I also take out my warm blankets!

9. Have you ever been to a harvest festival or autumn market?

→ Yes, once in my town. There was music, homemade food, and people selling pumpkins and honey.

10. What’s one cozy thing you love doing at home when it’s cold outside?

→ I love reading books with a cup of tea and a blanket. Sometimes I light a candle to make it even cozier.